HOW TO USE AND CHECK TWITTER FOR PREDICTIONS?

Use of social media for marketing or business demands a great effort. You have to struggle to enhance your productivity. You need to predict and find some new ways and ideas for your business. You should directly engage your customers and discuss with them about their needs. Here are some ways you can target your customers for your forecasts.

1)    Real Discussions:

If you want your customers to help you in predictions then join them on a social network. It is the most important part of the business to interact with your customers to know about their demands. Their feedback can help you improve your services. The best way to find customers through social networks is to find a real discussion about the topic where people are sharing their real concerns and ideas. Look for the highly followed and replied accounts and tweets related to you where members are energetically engaged with each other.  Also, check the places where marketers only place a link of their product and nothing more. There you can develop a discussion with other viewers. There are some tweets or accounts without any kind of following. You just avoid these tweets because they are not worth to waste time. You should drop your own links in such places where people are interested in your product.

2)    Consider Competitors accounts:

If you do not find any places to interact with the customers to make predictions about your marketing then try an opponent’s account. Keep an eye on his tweets and discussions of the people on it. Get into those discussions and try to find your way. Find out the difficulties and other problems of the customers. There you can find some colleagues, partners, and customers. If you have something better than your competitor then try to attract customers.

3)    Make Sure Customers are There:

Once you are in the account of the opponent or some other place related to your marketing then make sure, potential customers are present there. Make sure that everyone is actively engaged and making a valuable discussion. Just take a look at the profiles and bios of the active members. This method will help you to separate some serious customers and engage with them.

4)    Try Local Marketing Accounts:

If you want to find more active customers then try some local business accounts. They have some real customers that are really interested in the product. Such accounts are more reasonable than the general accounts. You can target customers from specific area.

Tips for Success In Predictions:

•    Keep your profile up to date.

•    Try to follow the rules set by those who have tweeted.

•    Avoid pasting your link in the replies of tweets.

•    Leave discussions that are not useful.

In conclusion, while using Twitter as the marketing tool, you need to stay updated by discussing problems with customers. This helps you in predicting future of your marketing. These methods mentioned above are very easy and profitable to acquire desired results and check twitter for predictions. 

AIR POLLUTION IN HONG KONG AND ITS EFFECTS ON HUMAN LIVES

Nowadays, many of the world’s countries are suffering from pollution. There are numerous kinds of pollution all over the world namely noise pollution, air pollution, water pollution and much more. These pollutions are affecting human lives in various parts of the world. I will evaluate air pollution with a particular emphasis on prevailing air pollution issue in Hong Kong in this paper. In addition, I will focus on associated health effects and recommendations that need to be implemented to minimize the air pollution issue.

Air pollution occurring due to vehicles and industries is also affecting important layer known as the Ozone layer. This layer protects us from ultraviolet rays radiated from the sun. In Hong Kong, air pollution is considered as the most harmful and dangerous element. Rapid industrialization growth of Hong Kong in past twenty years has given rise to many environmental issues related health. However, pollution remedies could not cope with the growth of the economy, industry, and population.

Particulate matter (PM) emitted from industries and vehicles are affecting the human health, visibility, and climate. Different burning sources enriched in toxic chemical are major point sources of these PM. The concentration of PM in Hong Kong depends on the season that poses low and high level in summer and colder seasons, respectively. In addition, different gases coming out from cars are emitting from chemical resources. These gases are so thick that the element of visibility is limited up to only less than eight kilometers for approximately 30% duration of the year. Due to this air pollution, a huge amount of diseases and the overall number of victims have been increased. The main diseases include Asthma and Bronchial that have been increased with a great quantity. These are badly affecting the lives, health, living style, daily life work, their relations and much more.

In addition, most of the power generation industries use coal as a fuel. Coal is enriched with sulfur and emit SO₂ during burning process along with other pollutants as particulates, NO_X and so forth. The power generation plants are contributing 50% of Hong Kong’s total emissions of mono-nitrogen oxides and particulates as well as 92% of its sulfur dioxide pollution. The most of the local industries are working without installation of equipment required for removal of pipe gas from the coal.

Visibility is an important aspect for the human lives. As per reports, low visibility rates have occurred nearly 18% during the year 2004 that was the highest recorded frequency in this area. In the year 1997, the number of days in which the element of visibility was only eight kilometers was limited to only 40 days. This number increased greatly within the year of 2005 scoring up to 102 days. Even currently, different discussions are going on to declare Hong Kong as the darkest area of the world where the light of the sun stays up very less.

The rates of pollutant-emitting from vehicles and different industries have been increased due to the use of much more heavy vehicles nowadays. Hong Kong is packed with a great number of roads that remain occupied by a huge number of the vehicle daily. This is because people of Hong Kong are typical for intensively working for their lives. It creates such a connection between these people and those vehicles that could be easily observed. Doctors have their opinion regarding such gases and their effects on human lives. It introduced many diseases within the population such as asthma, lung infections and increased the cardio-respiratory death by 2 to 3% with an increase of ten micrograms per cubic meter of pollution. These gases are also affecting people or patients that are staying within hospitals and an increase in the number of deaths are increasing so rapidly.

Proper helpful measurements must be adopted to enhance safety for human lives within Hong Kong. The local industries and vehicles need to use renewable energy sources like solar, biofuel and so forth. This is a prime responsibility of the government to ease the stakeholders for these clean energy sources. Desulfurization of coal should be carried out before burning it in power generation plants. There is an urgency to make collaboration with Guangdong Province in order to plan helpful measures to overcome the serious air pollution problem prevailing in Hong Kong. Otherwise, each and every person living there will suffer from a great disease with no cure.

REVIEW ON CHILDHOOD OF MUHAMMAD (SAW)

There are no words to review childhood of Muhammad (SAW) but our youth may interest to know about childhood of Muhammad.

Birth of Muhammad (SAW)

Birth Place of Muhammad (SAW)

Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim, in brief, Muhammad (SAW), son of Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib (father) and Aminah (mother) was born in 570 CE at Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia (presently Saudi Arabia). As per the scholar, Muhammad Sulaiman Al-Mansourpuri, and the astrologer, Mahmud Pasha, Muhammad (PBUH) the Prophet, was born in Makkah, in Bani Hashim Lane, on Monday morning, in the year of the Elephant Event, on the twelfth of Rabi Al-Awwal, forty years of the reign of Khosru Nushirwan (Kisra) corresponding to the twenty or twenty-second of April, 571 A.D. His mother reported about bright light emanating from her pudendum illuminated the palaces of Syria at the time of His birth,

Childhood of Muhammad and Haleemah

As per the Arab’s custom, He was circumcised on the 7^th day, and it was Thuyebah, the concubine of Abu Lahab, other than his mother who suckled him. Also, as per the contemporary custom of the Arabs, He was, as a child, sent to Bedouin wet nurses to grow up in a healthy and free environment of the desert, and develop a robust bodily frame. It is widely believed that His being an orphan, no woman was ready to suckle Him. However, one Haleemah bint Abi Dhuaib wife of Al-Harith bin Abdul Uzza took pity and agreed to suckle Him. On doing so, Haleemah was blessed with good fortunes. Muhammad stayed with Haleemah up to four to five years of age. As written by Anas in Sahih Muslim, Gabriel, the angel, ripped open Mohammad’s chest one day coming down to Him, took out the Satan from His heart, and sewed the chest which looked as usual. His companions came running to His mother (Nurse) Haleemah and informed her that Muhammad was murdered. She along with others came running to Him and found Him as usual hale and hearty. Haleemah became too concerned about the welfare of Muhammad and returned Him to His mother at around six years of His age.

With Muhammad back with her, His mother decided to pay a visit to her husband’s grave situated 500 kilometers away at Yathrib in Madinah. She stayed there with Muhammad, a woman servant, and her father-in-law for a month, and set out on the return journey to Makkah. However, she died due to an illness somewhere at a place called Abwah between Makkah and Madinah, and thus, child Muhammad lost His mother, too. His grandfather Abdul Muttalib, brought Him to Makkah and took great care of Him.

Childhood of Muhammad and Forecasting

Abdul Muttalib, his grandfather, forecasted that Muhammad was destined to make a mark in the world. However, at the age of eight years, two months, and ten days, He lost his grandfather, too, and came under the patronage of his uncle Abu Talib, His father’s brother. Abu Talib took the Prophet at 12 years of His age in a business trip to Syria where they met a monk Bahira who prophesied that Muhammad would be the master of all humans as He would get Messages from Allah.

When Muhammad was hardly fifteen, the “sacrilegious” war broke out and continued for several years causing huge losses of men and materials. At last, peace was restored, and Muhammad was instrumental in forming a confederacy to maintain peace. He has conferred the ministry of Prophethood.

GREEN TECHNOLOGY IMAGE OF HONG KONG FOR PROMOTING BUSINESS

Green Technology in Hong Kong
(Source:https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/green-building
-depollution-hong-kong-amaury-gallon/)

Though corporate portrait economic development always gives rise to living standards and imposes effluence on the working environment. This is need of the time to focus on green technology, even more, today, to keep sustainability in the international market. Hong Kong followed the New Zealand which played a key role in this concept and provided a model.

Almost 25% of the world population emphasize on sustainable and rapid growth in this sector and stretching the environmental resource to achieve a breaking point. This article reports on a longitudinal investigation of consumer behaviors and attitudes and behaviors which enhanced business activities and opportunities related to environmentalism in Hong Kong.  Hong Kong is a key partner in the world trading and traders for foreign investment with minor issues for protection and recovery related to environmental pollution. This policy makes it an international gateway for technology and trade and enhanced socioeconomics progress. It is also a useful role model for economic development. These factors make it an appropriate entry point for examining environmentalism and green business opportunities in the world. Substantial cross-border collaboration between Hong Kong and China’s Guangdong province on environmental issues also reinforced a belief that current activities in the city state will subsequently influence developments across the country.

Hong Kong presents a story of the unique free market but some rapid and often haphazard economic development have created pollution problems to some extent which threatened natural resources and seriously impaired community health. As a matter of fact, air quality in Hong Kong is only one worsen issue on the roads. Secondly, use of timber by the construction industry, limited waste recycling, and extreme summer air-conditioning challenge the basic principles of sustainable development.

Corporate Portrait economics is a part of continuous international research programs like other developed countries including the United States and Canada. The country achieved benchmarks to examine business and society issues in the world. The value of such level of economic benchmarks is based on underlying theories which guided towards significant differences in environmental attitudes and behaviors between mature economies and rapidly development.

Source:https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/green-building-depollution-hong-kong-amaury-gallon/

The modern American green movement emerged by the social feminists in 1960’s. Concerted energy conservation efforts followed the oil crisis and with the unprecedented success of Earth Day 1980, environmentalism became a mainstream issue in the USA. The green movement has become a focal point for protests against their indifference toward ecological issues.Almost 77% purchase decisions are being e affected by corporate environmental performance in the new regime of economics and 7 % rejected a specific product only due to environmental issues. Majority of Americans businessmen declare themselves as environmentalists. The green consumer growth is providing continuous support to build a corporate image of Hong Kong.

This article traced the evolution of consumer and corporate environmentalism in Hong Kong to provide a comparative context for the empirical results.  Subsequently, the progress and prospects for environmentalism are achieved and green business opportunities are considered.

In short, Hong Kong is a smelliest country in the word and maintaining its environmentally friendly image for sustainable corporate economics development.

SOLAR CANALS SYSTEM- THREE IN ONE

Generating electricity and energy from renewable sources have occupied major technological

SOLAR CANALS SYSTEM: Narmada Ranch Canal Network

discussions in the twenty first century. In fact, a lot of science and technology online articles are focused on this important technological discussion. There are many possible sources for generating electricity from renewable sources. Examples of such renewable energy sources include solar power, wind, hydro power, hydrothermal sources, and so forth. Most of these energy sources not be able to supply enough energy needed to provide necessary electricity for a nation or state because of the limited technology required to tap them for usage.

Solar Canals System

Solar canals system is one of the top notch renewable avenues for providing energy and power. This technology is already being used in commercial scale to produce electricity. A good example of this is the Gujarat’s canal-top solar power plant. The solar power plant is the world’s first canal top 1 MW solar project, located on Narmada Ranch Canal Network in Gujarat, India. The project, together with its maintenance for 25 years, is projected to cost up to $18.3 million and it is indeed worth the money.

The state of California, United States of America, hopes to effectively drive up to 50 percent of its electricity from renewable sources by the year 2020. How can California achieve this goal? Of course, there are many possibilities towards achieving the goal but can these possibilities effectively provide 50 percent of electricity for the over 423 thousand sq km area state? California’s population as of 2007 was over 36.5 million people and today the state’s population is around over 38.7 million. In fact, one out of eight people in the US live in California. To achieve such remarkable success solar canals system would play a huge role.

Prevent Water Loss By Solar Canals System

Solar canals are wonderful innovations designed in such a way as to produce energy while still slowing water loss. With this technology, solar panels can be used to store sun rays to generate electricity and consequently agricultural water resources, machines and farm electrical appliances can be powered but simultaneously water evaporation loses can be minimized. This will result to increase in crop yield as well as water efficiency. In other words, one plus three solar canals system could be the solution for a number of issues in the world today.

Solar canals systems have a lot of benefits. Some of the benefits are outlined below:

• With this technology, new water can be generated for agricultural purposes.
• This would also help in reducing the problem of evaporation.
• Water quality and water efficiency can be boosted
• This provides clean energy and hence new electricity.
• Solar canals system is a clean source of energy and hence would be very useful in reducing carbon dioxide emission.

The government of Pakistan, as well as any other country that wants to make the most of these benefits, can take advantage of this novel technology to build solar canal system just like India. India was the first to implement this technology and of course they have set a good example that this technology is very beneficial. The water management department of Pakistan can take up such project and this would be very beneficial to farmers in Pakistan. This would also help to reduce the problem of electricity generation in Pakistan and also generate revenues essentially.

HOW DID INTERNET DEVELOP-AN OVERVIEW OF HISTORY

If you’re asking yourself questions about Web development, then you are getting into a pretty tough and deep subject. The World Wild Web, also known as Internet has been evolving for almost 15 years now, and the Web development shows no signs of slowing, quite to the contrary as a matter of fact.

Internet originated back in the late 1980s in Europe and America, roughly at the same time. Software engineer Tim Berners-Lee from a research company named CERN (“Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire”, or the European Council for Nuclear Research in English) and based in Switzerland, is known by many as “the founder of Internet”. But the conception and design of the World Wild Web started over 50 years before that, and there is much more to it than just one scientist elaborating a singular program.

Since the 1950s and the apparition of electronic computers, many researchers and computer experts have been evolved in the Web development. All around the USA and Europe, many scientists have spent years trying to find a way of communicating via those computers. The result of their many bright ideas and ambitious experimentation resulted in the development of what is today known as the World Wild Web.

In America, an ancient version of Internet was efficiently used to communicate via computers. It was called “APRANET”. It worked fine but was far from what we know today with Internet. Europe also had diverse “primitive” electronic communication networks, such as “MINITEL” in France for example.

But it’s only in the mid-1990’s that the Web development provided us with the connection network today known as the Internet. Tim Barners-Lee and CERN specified the main fundamentals of the World Wild Web concept:

1.    HTML: Means HyperText Markup Language. This is the format used to publish documents at the beginning of Web development and is still in use today.

2.    URI: Uniform Resource Identifier. This is a unique address for each document published on the Internet.

3.     HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. This is a way of retrieving each document hosted on the Internet.

So in 1995, after a long and complicated web development, Internet became officially available to the world. Anyone with a computer, a home phone line and an Internet connection provider could access documents hosted on the World Wild Web network. This was a true revolution around the globe, you could actually be connected to someone thousands of miles away without having to hold up a telephone. And the best thing was you could actually send data through Internet, which was very interesting when compared to the rather long deliveries offered by the postal services.

But Web development did not stop there. Ever since it was launched, numerous IT engineers, web developers, software and program developers and anyone smart enough to understand fully and improve the Internet concept have been endlessly working on continuing Web development.

The connection speeds, the number of devices that can access the Internet and the connection means and methods keep evolving every single day. It seems that Web development will just never stop!

MICROBIAL FUEL CELL AND ITS EVALUATION

Functioning mechanism of microbial fuel cell

Microbial fuel cell is an innovative development that uses microorganisms as a biocatalyst to generate electrical energy from chemical energy. That fuel cell attracted researcher due to it its ability to generate energy from waste materials. It consists of an anode and a cathode that are kept separated by a proton exchange membrane. There are many factors that contribute in its performance including microorganisms, membrane, ionic strength of the solution, electrode, internal and external cell resistance, and electrode spacing. Shahgaldi et al. (2014) prepared the membrane by using Nafion in different combination with the help of high porosity electro nano -fibres. The various characteristics of the membrane and PVDF nano fibers were taken into consideration including morphology, structure, power generated and thermal stability. In addition, they predicted that the presence of the electrospun PVDF nano fibers increased the thermal stability of the membrane (Shahgaldi et al., 2014).

Evaluation of Fuel Cell

An analysis and comparison of different fuel cell facilitate for a specifically offered application that is dependent on several factors. These factors are case-dependent; however, it is possible to organize them into physical  factors including total stack dimension and weight, cell energetic area, complete BoP subsystems, stacks of cells,  and weight and dimension. These are necessary elements when the dimension or weight of fuel cell device is designed restrictions that have to be encountered. That is most typically experienced for transport and mobile applications when the weight or dimension of the fuel cell device having important constraints. Performance aspects consist of the polarization, device performance curves and energy thickness. It is possible to optimize the pile design by limiting the layout criteria to varieties that fall under the top energy density or system efficiency regions. Additionally, the energy thickness contour offers an indicator of the flexibility of the output energy the pile can create. On the other hand, the polarization contour, in combination with the energy density curve, is used to identify optimal function points in regards to power and voltage. Running expenses are a function of stack fuel intake, thermal administration system needs, and efficiency of the power conditioning equipment; in addition to other case-dependent factors. Sturdiness is also a crucial factor in selecting a fuel cell pile for a particular application. This is most revealing for static power generation applications where the fuel cell system is expected to function for a practical amount of time with minimal maintenance demands (Shahgaldi et al., 2014).

Reference

Shahgaldi, S., Ghasemi, M., Wan Daud, W., Yaakob, Z., Sedighi, M., Alam, J., & Ismail, A. (2014). Performance enhancement of microbial fuel cell by PVDF/Nafion nanofibre composite proton exchange membrane. Fuel Processing Technology, 124, 290-295. 

Biosensors to Detect Glucose and Control Diabetes

One of the top science and technology news updates is the global issue of diabetes. Diabetes is a very serious disease and one of the major health threats to economic and health development in the world today. It does not only pose issues to the sufferer but also to health professionals. Millions of people across the world, including children suffer from diabetes. In fact, survey states that as of 2013, up to 380 million people suffer from glucose and it is expected that up to 600 million people would suffer from glucose by 2035. Since the disease is on the rise, it is necessary to develop a technology to solve the problem.

Medical technology is greatly improving and would soon enter the stage where we do not need to regularly inject insulin or use finger prick blood tests to monitor/ control diabetes. The advancement in the field of biosensors will open up a whole lot of opportunities. One of them is the efficient monitoring of the blood sugar levels with a small sensor implanted under the skin. Such devices can also release insulin when needed and also communicate the details to a smartphone connected to them.

Overview on Diabetes

You will find a lot of science and technology online articles on diabetes and its causes. Hence, it is very necessary to control diabetes. Before defining what diabetes is and what causes it, it is necessary to note that there are two types of diabetes. These include type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the beta cells that produce insulin in the pancreatic islets are destroyed. The type 2 diabetes occurs when the release of insulin is not sufficient and also as a result of the reduction in its effectiveness. Usually, type 1 diabetes occurs from childhood and it is oftentimes the most difficult form of diabetes but it the less common type. Type 2 diabetes occurs among old people but it is the more common type of diabetes.

Biosensors Role to Control Diabetes

Biosensors are novel technologies developed in order to monitor glucose level and therefore control diabetes. The sensor is implanted in the sufferer and therefore it is able to tell the level of glucose at each time. It is important to note that diabetes is actually caused by insufficient glucose level and therefore by detecting the level of glucose at each time, the problem can be solved.

One would argue that if diabetes is caused by insufficient glucose then it could have been treated if the sufferer takes glucose at every chance he has but it does not work that way. Hypoglycemia the opposite of diabetes occurs when glucose becomes excessive. Glucose intake has to be regulated because hypoglycemia which sets in when the glucose level is very high can cause brain damage and death.

The Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) to Control Diabetes

One of the novel technologies and top notch ways to control diabetes is with the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). This is simply the implantation of biosensors into the contact lenses in order to ascertain the treatment level of glucose and the resultant data is transmitted and sent to a pump in the patient’s body. If the data sent indicates low level of insulin, the pump will then inject the amount of insulin required by the body.

However, it is argued that this technology may not really solve the problem for the both kinds of diabetes. Other technologies have been developed to deal with the problems of glucose. You can learn more from top technology online news.

Mechanics of Nano Probe for Glucose sensing and Imaging

Apple Watch, Truly Trendy

It has been a tradition among tech giants to release their own wearable devices. Surely Apple, a flagship tech giant, would not be left out. Apple Watch is obviously the gadget long waited for since the release of iPhone 6 and 6 Plus last year by the tech company. As you would expect, the watch comes with a slew of features that make it worthwhile. The gadget is designed in such a way as to make them personal to the wearer and to ensure that the users have a relationship with them. Moreover, it is strategically designed in such a way as to make them part of the users’ life much like other gadgets such as digital wallet, mini iPhone and so forth. Basically, there are three classes of Apple Watch. These include the Apple Watch – standard, Apple Watch Sport and Apple Watch Edition.

-          Apple Watch Standard

Apple Watch standard is one of the brands of Apple Watch, also referred to as the standard version of Apple Watch. It has a beautiful design and built with stainless steel in order to accord it beauty and durability. Furthermore, to make the watch scratch resistant, it is protected with solid sapphire crystal which is the second most solid element on earth after diamond. Moreover, you can make choices on the kind of band you want for the watch as there are 20 variations in the types of bands available for the watch. The watch is sold at $549 - $1049 for the 38mm types and $599 - $1099 for the 42mm type.

-          ­Apple Watch Sport

This brand of Apple Watch is designed specifically for sporty youths and to help people maximize their workout and fitness exercises. In order to ensure this, the watch is built with anodized aluminum to make it lightweight. Moreover, rather than solid sapphire crystal, the screen is protected with rigid ion-X glass. This screen protection is used to further ensure that the watch is lightweight. The watch is truly stylish and a must-wear during a sport or game. The 38 mm type of the watch is sold at $349 while the 42 mm type is sold at $399.

-          Apple Watch Edition

This brand of Apple Watch is available in limited quantity. It is the most exquisite of the three and designed with luxury in mind. The watch is built with concrete stainless steel material and also 18 Karat gold bezels. The latter adds up to make the watch quite expensive. Moreover, the screen of the watch is protected by solid sapphire crystal for scratch resistance. Obviously, Apple Watch Edition is designed to be very attractive and luxurious. The watch occurs in about 6 different bands and each of these bands represents a quintessence of excellence and occurs in neat color patterns with unique tones and brilliance. These amazing features built into the Apple Watch Edition truly come with some hefty cost. The cost of the watch starts from $10,000 and of course, it is worth the cost.

CALIFORNIA OIL SPILL FROM PLAINS ALL AMERICAN PIPELINE

Oil spill has become a recurring event in California. Plains All American Pipeline has been associated with a number of oil spills since 2006. Reports show that up to 229 spills have been reported on the company. The recent oil spill which actually resulted from negligence on the part of the company was quite enormous. The report indicated the oil spill was due to failed pipeline which released up to 101,000 gallons of oil and about 21,000 gallons of the released oil reached water. The damaging effect of this oil spill was quite remarkable as it contaminated the water bodies and caused harm to aquatic life. The report stated that due to the oil spill resulted in the closure of popular campgrounds and also commercial fishing has been prohibited nearby. Up to 300 marine mammals and birds have been found dead due to the oil spill.

Delay in Getting the government notified

It took quite a long time for the firefighters and operators to confirm that the pipeline has ruptured, yet it took a longer time for the government to be notified of the incident. This is actually contrary to the state law. The state law required immediate notification of a release or a threatened release. However, the company failed to notify the government of such a release.

Moreover, the employees at Plains All American Pipeline failed to confirm the leakage until about 1:30 pm in the afternoon. Notwithstanding, the government was not notified until 3 pm in the afternoon. Such a time lag actually gave way for the propagation of the oil. Of course, the company is facing scrutiny from the regulators and law makers at Washington over the oil spill. In line with this scrutiny, the House Energy and Commerce Committee probed into the spill that took place west of Santa Barbara and hence demanded from the company for a detailed information on the maintenance of the of the line and its plans and actions on addressing the issues of corrosion. Moreover, the panel demanded from the company what it did in the hours leading to the incident and why the incident was not reported early.

Cause of the break

According to the investigations made by the body, it was reported that the actual cause of the break is corrosion. The break occurred along a badly corroded section of the pipe. The corrosion widened the section to a fraction about an inch in thickness. This gave way for the oil to gush out like hose without nozzle. The reason for the delay was reported by the company to be because the company did not confirm that the oil spill was actually from its pipeline on time. The workers rode along the pipeline to look for the source of the spill once they confirmed the leak. Moreover, the cleanup cost of this oil spill is quite high and projected to be about $92 million. Plains All American Pipeline is obviously facing lawsuit over the oil spill and of course, the government is looking into the matter to ensure that it is properly dealt with.

MYSTERY OF SIXTH SENSE- IS ITS MYTH OR TRUE?

When a woman experiences the fragrance of roses from a bunch of roses in her hand; it is a normal experience through one of the five senses, smelling. However, when a woman experiences the fragrance of sandalwood without the apparent presence of sandalwood; it is through her sixth sense.

Insecurity of Food and Hunger Issue in Ghana

Food insecurity is a prevailing issue in Ghana, however it is more prevalent in the Northern savannah region of Ghana than the southern part of the country. A lot of issues, especially policy issues can be said to give rise to this. Past governmental policies in Ghana which aimed at solving this intensified agriculture and in the end export crops were favored over smaller produces. Ghana has turned over to modern industrial approaches which will likely not address the insecurity issue as well.

What is food insecurity?

Food insecurity occurs when food is not available, accessible or sufficient in quality as quantity. It is an opposite of food security which occurs when food is available to every person in a region has access to nutritious, sufficient and safe food at all times. Food insecurity issue in the Southern Ghana is not as high as that in Northern Ghana. The southern Ghana, food insecurity is between 1 and 7 percent, however, in Northern Ghana food insecurity is as high as 10 to 30 percent.

Previous Ghanaian Era and Food insecurity

To really understand the origin of food insecurity in Ghana and the best way of solving the imminent challenge, a close look should be taken on the past era of Ghana. Food insecurity in Ghana is not a new thing as it existed in the previous era. A close look should be taken on the British colonial rule in order to understand the trends of agricultural development policies in Ghana.

The colonial masters focused on Southern Ghana and paid little attention to Northern Ghana. The emphasis on southern Ghana was on export crops and this led to immense infrastructural development in the region and hence rural-urban migration took place from Northern Ghana to Southern Ghana. As a result of governmental desires to create employment for unemployed youths, show the public how important industrialization was and so forth, a lot of policies were made in the colonial period.

In the period after industrialization, government focused on large scale agriculture through mechanized farming and also expanded the role of the ADC but the ADC strategy failed. As a further step to improve food security, Ghanaian government established the Ghana Food Distribution Corporation (GFDC) which focused on the distribution of foods and also promotes food production through pricing and marketing policies in favor of poorer households. However, GFDC also failed after some time of its establishment.

The structural adjustment period between 1983 and 1992 is a period in which the Ghanaian government attempted to prevent the economy from collapsing and hence sought the help of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The policy was focused on deregulation of both input and output markets. This resulted to the increase in the cost of most agricultural chemicals by up to 40% each year from 1986 to 1992. This truly had a great toll on domestic food production and exposed local farmers to competition from foreign producers.

Ghanaian government focused on modernizing subsistence agriculture and will obviously not address the issue of food insecurity in Northern Ghana. This is because industrial agriculture relies on costly and high-yielding seeds, artificial fertilizers and machineries which local farmers obviously do not have means to access and it is these local farmers that mostly suffer food insecurity. To solve food insecurity issue in Ghana, effective strategies should be devised to place more importance on farming experiences.

CLIMATE STABILIZATION AND USE RENEWABLE ENERGY

"Are we also to demand "Renewable Energy" replacing current nuclear capacity?" Climate stabilization demands zero greenhouse emission or carbon footprints. Nuclear source of energy is assumed to be environmental friendly, but issue is still under debate. One need to seek behind the wall in the context of nuclear energy as there are many processes including mining  of uranium that have their own carbon footprints .Dumping of Nuclear waste has its own problem that can generate long term effects.

The different lifecycle studies regarding nuclear power are based on the assumptions and unrealistic investigations. The disaster of triple meltdown at Fukushima, Japan that happened due to earthquake and tsunami raised new question marks. The disaster damaged the green environment as well as threatened the lives of the human being. I am not biased with nuclear energy sources but it is hard to accept the after effects of this source of energy.

The carbon emissions associated with nuclear energy by different processes including mining, enrichment and processing of uranium accounted for 38% in comparison with fossil fuel sources. The construction of nuclear plants contributes about 12% of carbon emission in comparison with fossil fuel having same capacity. Keeping in view utilization of technology and disaster that happen in the last decade, the under developing countries need to focus on renewable energy sources as solar, wind, biofuels, and so forth. The renewable energy resources can facilitate more in stabilizing the climate rather than nuclear power plants. In addition, they are cheap and environment friendly because we utilize the waste that is an emerging issue in all developing and under-developing countries. As per reports, many researches are under consideration to minimize the carbon footprint resulted from associated processes of nuclear energy

According to researches, the construction costs of renewable energy for power is estimated to be 50 to 70 percent higher including storage but impact on climate is much lesser than the nuclear. Moreover, renewable power generating plants can replace the plants run by fossil fuel. George, writer of Gaurdian also supported the use of renewable power by replacing it the electricity generated by fossil fuels in order to expand the total supply by displacing the oil used for transportation and the gas used for heating. Are we also to demand that it replace current nuclear capacity? That is a need of the time to enhance the focus on renewable energy to increase the impact on the landscape of the world as well as to influence the public. He added that eco-friendly supports have wildly exaggerated the risks of radioactive contamination. The typical complete dosage from the 3 Mile Island calamity for someone living within 10 miles of the plant was one 625th of the maximum yearly amount permitted for employees working in United States. This, consequently, is fifty percent of the lowest 1 year dosage that clearly connected to a boosted cancer cells danger, which, in its turn, is one 80th of usually fatal exposure.

I would like to agree that in case other power generation sources cause no damages, these influences would weigh a lot more greatly. But power is like medication because if there are no side-effects, there is less probability of its effectiveness. I also favor a significant growth of renewables for climate stabilization. I could also sympathize with the grievances of their challengers. It's not merely the onshore wind farms that bother individuals, however also the new grid links need to be considered

In conclusion, climate stabilization mitigation efforts may be successful by addressing renewable energy, use of technology and minimizing carbon footprint of nuclear energy. The world needs to adopt a proper path to achieve stabilization optimized by involvement of each country for a common agenda for greenhouse gas emissions. 

WHAT IS BIOCHAR AND ITS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY?

Solving the world’s carbon dioxide problem requires the devising of a unique avenue to trap the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is the major cause of global warming issues in the world. Global warming is a global issue resulting to the melting of polar caps, rise in sea level and so forth. The world is very much concerned with devising avenues to deal with the problems of greenhouse gases of which carbon dioxide is an integral part. You can find a lot of information in this subject in science and technology archives.

Biochar is obviously one of the top ways of dealing with this problem being a green technology. Contrary to what many people think, biochar is not new, however, its relevance recently became more pronounced. Biochar is simply a type of charcoal which is produced via the conversion of biomass into a charred product and it is also one the emerging type of renewable energy sources. This process usually occurs in a reactor where oxygen supply is limited. It is simply known as pyrolysis. Biochar is simply charcoal that came from plant matter and this charcoal is stored in the soil and can be used for the purpose of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Why Use Biochar to Sequester Carbon

The main benefit of using biochar to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is that the substance remains stable for a long time and therefore this provides a simple way of sequestering carbon. It is a sustainable approach and hence this process is widely applied because it merges sustainability and technology. Sustainability is an approach of utilizing the resources of today in such a way that it does not put a strain on the future generation. Biochar comes handy in achieving this.

Advantages of Biochar

Biochar has a lot of benefits. In fact, a lot of science and technology online articles enumerate the numerous benefits of it. These benefits are all encompassing and all point hands to one thing which is improving soil fertility with minimum land pollution. Since biochar sequester carbon and are stable, they can continually add nutrients to the soil. This increases crop yields. The increase in crop yields become even more substantial if the soil condition was poor before its application due to presence beneficial nutrients required by the soild. However, if the soil condition was good before the application of biochar, it also improves the yield and productivity of the crops and gardens but this may not really be significant.

Moreover, biochar also helps in preventing leeching action in soil. It helps to prevent fertilizers from running off. This is a multidimensional benefit because eutrophication can be greatly minimized in regions where biochar is used in soil. This is because eutrophication is threatening water body sources and consequent it effect human health. This will go a long way to decrease pollutions that arise from agricultural sources and hence save the environment from harm and danger. Furthermore, biochar retain moisture for a long time and this could be very beneficial to plants during droughts and dry seasons. In conclusion, you will understand more about the benefits of biochar by observing crops in soils with biochar and soils without biochar. You can also find more information on the benefits of biochar in science and technology archives. There are many organizations that are presently promoting its use and conducting seminars to create awareness among the public.

HYBRID VEHICLE- AN INSIGHT & COMPARISON

Hybrid vehicles are simply vehicles that use more than one distinct power sources to move the vehicle. Hybrid vehicles usually refer to hybrid electric vehicles. These kinds of vehicles can refer to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) which use internal combustion different electric motors. To understand the meaning of hybrid vehicles, it is imperative to comprehend the meaning of the word "hybrid". Hybrid is defined as anything that is made up of different parts or components. Simply put, it is a mixture of different things. Thus, there are different kinds of hybrid vehicles available today.

Kinds of Hybrid Vehicles

Hybrid vehicles rely on two different sources of power and it can be divided into three main types. These include full hybrids, mild hybrids and plug-in hybrids. However, some other kinds of hybrid vehicles besides the aforementioned kinds exist. These include muscle hybrids, micro-hybrids, and so forth. These hybrids differ in their functionalities as well as features.

Usually, the energy sources that hybrid vehicles rely on are electricity and gasoline. These are the two major kinds of hybrid vehicles one can often find in the United States of America. However, in Europe, you can find hybrid vehicles also relying on gasoline rather than electricity. 

Various technologies are available to make hybrid vehicles possible. Hybrids are products of advanced technologies. Therefore, hybrid vehicles offer exciting experiences better than traditional kinds of vehicles. In the hybrid system, various technologies are being brought together to make it work but usually the entire process is geared towards ensuring that the electric part of the drivetrain is made the most of. The major reason for giving attention to the electric motor is that it offers better efficiency and can be useful in the present quest to cut down on the emission level of vehicles.

Comparison of some Hybrid Vehicles

One of the most unusual kinds of hybrid vehicles is the full hybrid vehicles. Some top notch vehicles like the Ford hybrid, C-Max Hybrid and so forth can be classified under this category. Toyota hybrid is also a good example here and these hybrid vehicles classified as full hybrid share similar characteristics. Full hybrids are regular hybrid vehicles and interestingly, they are the full efficient kind of regular hybrids. Top notch technologies are employed in its entirety hybrid vehicles to make them exceptional. One of the technologies here is the stop-start technology, also known as the "idle-off" which can effectively turn off the engine when the car comes to a stop. Another interesting kind of hybrid that is worth consideration is a mild hybrid. This kind of hybrid vehicles are not as efficient as full hybrids, but they are limited to parallel hybrid mode. It has a battery and helper motor that operate while the gas engine is on and does not fully take over. Examples include Buick LaCrosse eAssist. Other kinds of hybrid exist besides those above two. These include plug-in hybrids such as Ford C-Max Energi PHEV, micro and muscle hybrids and many others.